The Middle East was taken aback recently at the results of the Palestinian elections, in which Hamas won an outright majority. They resoundingly defeated all challengers, including the incumbent and favored Fatah party. Basically, this has the potential to be either very good or very bad. I'm being an optimist.
The reasons I think this will be good are as follows:
1 - Hamas is straightforward. They don't tend to say one thing and do another -- rather they do (in general) what they say they're going to do. They've earned this win with the Palestinian people -- many local elections have got the way of Hamas in the past few years, and they have not disappointed. Although they might be more difficult to negotiate with than Fatah was in terms of the land-for-peace idea (that might be an understatement), they will be a much more reliable and accountable partner once they are convinced to sit down at the table.
2 - Hamas can control the violence. Abbas and Arafat could never control the armed uprisings (well, Arafat could in his earlier years, but not towards the end). To a certain extent these leaders had to play the middleman -- negotiating between the demands of Israel and the demands of Hamas. So to some degree, this arrangement might be more efficient. It's definitely more realistic and less sugar coated.
3 - The realpolitik remains the same. All this election did was expose the reality that has existed for the past 5 years on the ground. Hamas is more popular with the people, manages a lot of the "state" activities (such as schooling and healthcare), and they control most of the violence in the Palestinian territories. They have been de facto running a lot of the show, and Israel knows this. Their new power gives them more opportunities to implement their goals, but it also restrains them b/c they can no longer blame stuff on the PA. It's their government now.
4 - Hamas is less corrupt. Notice that I did not say they are uncorrupt, b/c I'm sure that's not true. However the ruling Fatah party was notoriously bad about this, including Arafat himself. One of the main reasons the people chose Hamas in the recent elections was because they see Hamas investing a lot of their money is schools, hospitals, etc, and not building 4 houses for themselves. It was a vote for change.
5 - Hamas can be pragmatic. Lots of local leaders of towns and cities in Gaza are part of Hamas, and they have dealt on a regular basis with Israeli leaders. They have to, since they often share the same sewage lines, waterways, etc. It's clear that they don't do it any more than they have to, and they certainly don't relish the spotlight like the former leaders, but it's a good sign.
Hamas has always had a focus on building out a strong social system in the West Bank and Gaza, hence their commitment to these social services. This is going to be in conflict with their stance against Israel, since their refusal to negotiate will lead directly to a deterioration in the living standards in Palestine. How pragmatic will they be? My bet is that they'll bend like Fatah did years ago. Let's just hope they don't turn into as inept a ruling party.
